Koa Tirotiro Tūhonoa hei Whakamahere i ngā Whare Hokoao

Ngā Tahuhu Urupare me ngā Hangarau Whakamahana

Kei te whaikaha ngā kōwhiri ā-hua hei waihanga i ngā pūnaha alumihi rara, e tū ki te whakatūmahi i te kawe hua o roto mai rā anō o ngā whare. Nā te whakamahi i ngā momo whenu, pērā i te plastic rānei i te polymer, ka whakauruhia ki ngā tohu alumihi hei whakarite i ngā ara hua, nā reira ka tae te hua ki te puta atu rānei ki roto i te whare. He mea nui tēnei whanaketanga, nā te mea he whakapai i te paihere hua o te whare mā te whakaheke i te hokohoko hua. Ko ngā momo whakawehewe whenu, pērā i te whenu poroiti rānei ko te whenu whakatakoto, ka whakapai ake i te huarere ā-hua o ngā whakamahinga alumihi. E mahi nei ngā whenu nei mā te kino o te hua e kore ai e kitea ana te hokohoko hua. Kei ngā rangahau, pērā i ngā tuhinga i roto i te Pukapuka Rangahau Whare, he whakapai nui i ngā tuinga hokohoko hua i te whakamahi i ngā kōwhiri ā-hua, tautoko i ngā tikanga hanga whare whakatika me ngā moni iti.

Te Ara Whakaaffect i te Tirohanga Whare

Nā ngā rāngai whakahaere whakarautaki whai ika whakahēkētanga i te tirohanga matatika o te kauwhata hanga me te whakapai i te whakamahana whakauru me te whakaheke i te pūtake huringa ēne. Whakapai ēne mahinga āhuarangi e tuku ana i te whanonga kawe whakamahana iti me te rangatira o ngā hanganga matua. Nō ngā tatauranga huringa ēne e taea ana, ka kitea e ngā whare e whakamahi ana i ngā kauwhata whakahaere ika whakarite nei ka taea te whai i te 30% i ngā tango ēne, inaianei mō te whakawehi me te whakamahana. Ki te whakaiti i ngā huringa ēne moemoeā, ka whakaiti ēne ēne ā-tōpū, ka whakangungu i te tohu taiao e pai ana. Kei runga i ngā paunga o te wā, ka noho ake ngā paunga o ngā rāngai whakahaere ika whakarautaki hei whakapai i ngā tango ēne ki te wā; ka whakaae he wāhi whakahaere kore rawa, ka whakapai i te manaaki tangata, ka tae atu ki ngā pakirehua hanga whakahaere ēne o nāianei.

Pūrongo Tuhituhi i ngā Taiao Whakahirahira

Kei ngā huringa āhuarangi nui, ka whai muri mai te whakaaweawe o ngā pūnaha whakamahiti rākau whakarite i runga i te whakamārama. Hei tauira, kei ngā whenua kōwhaiwai e whai ake ana ngā wāhi whētau, ko ngā pūnaha rākau me ngā pūtoko huarere e mahi tino pai ana ki te whakamānawa me te whakaiti i te whakamahi ēnei. Nā ngā kōrero matua mai i ngā wāhanga hīkoikoi e pa ana ki ngā whenua horoheke, pērā i Anahekila, he whakaatu i te mea ko ngā hanganga rākau e āwhina ana ki te whakapiki i te werawera me te whakaiti i te kuhu ēnei, ā, i ngā huringa hikoheke hoki. Ko ngā whakaaro whakatupu e whakaatu ana ko te whakauru i ngā momo hua pērā i ngā kākahu kiritae whakarerekē me te whakapai i te whakatakoto kohu e āheinga ana ki te whakamahere. Ka puta ngā hua me te whakamātau, pērā i te 40% e whakaiti ana i te kuhu ēnei me te whakapai pai noa i ngā wāhi roto whare, whakamana i te whakapono me te whakarite o ngā pūnaha rākau whakarite i waenganui i ngā taiao iti ā-motu.

Te Whakawhanake Hangarau i ngā Pūnaho Whakarite Rākau

Ngā Taupurongo Wharemāori Mō te Whakaiti Kuhu

Kei te whai ake tonu ngā wheako whakamau i te āporo i ngā matatika hangarua, nā te mea he pai te whakamahere ā-wāhi mo te waihape. He tūtohu nui te whakauru o ngā wheako āporo ki ngā kauhanga pakiaka me ngā rākau whatu, e āwhina ana ki te whakapai i te whakamahi waihape i roto i ngā whare. E ēkea ana e ngā rākau nei te wehewehe i te werawera me te marama i roto i tētahi wāhi, ka heke te hirango ki te whakamahana me te whakamamae i waenganui. Nā ngā kaupapa noa i te ao nei, pērā i ētahi matapihi mahi, i whakaaetia ngā wheako nei hei whakapai i te waihape, e whai take ana ki te itinga nui i ngā utu waihape. Nā ngā raraunga mai i ēnei kaupapa ka whakaatu i te kanorite o ngā wheako āporo hei tirohanga i te hanga matatika me te tiaki waihape, whakaaturia ai he tīmatanga pai mō te hanga whakatū whakarawea.

Wheako Tino Tiakina mō ngā Whakatere Minita

Nā ngā whakahaere āhua aluminium i rite ki ngā tūtohu, ka whiwhi haere i ngā take nui hei whakamahi mō ngā whakatauhere kai rā. Ka taea te whakatuwhera i ēnei āhua hei whakaiti i te huringa wero rā i roto i ngā whare, e hīnā ana i te āhuatanga o te kāinga hei whakamahana, me te whakangaro i te pūtake o ngā reta whakawehewehe ahua. Ki te whakamahi i ngā poraka aluminium, ka taea e ngā ararau whare te hanga i ngā whakatauhere e āhei ana ki te whakapai i ngā pai ā-tuhi o te whare, ā, ka tukuna hoki he tono iti i runga i ngā moni āhua. Nā ngā whakatatū kia pai, pērā i ngā totoake rā i runga i ngā tahuhu horihori, ka whakaaturia te whanonga pai o ēnei poraka. Kei te whakahē ngā kaiwhakapūmau i te whenua, ko te whakaae i ngā whakatauhere pai ka puta ai ngā tirotiro nui whai wā ki muri hei whakaiti i ngā moni āhua mō ngā wā e tata ana ki te hupepa.

Te Taurunga ki ngā Rākau Whiria

Te whakauru i ngā poraka āhanga me ngā rārangi koeke whiritoi ka tuku atu nui atu ngā painga mō te whakatū whare ki te whakamana i te whakaputu. Ko tēnei whakangungu tuatahi ka hīnaki i te maramataka o te rā, ka heke i te hiahia mō te māhari whakarere, ā, ka tukuna i te whakamahana pai ake. I muri iho i ngā hanganga hou, ka whakamahi i tēnei whakauru hei whai i ngā tirotiro nui i ngā tiwhiketei ētahi take e pā ana ki te whakamahana me te whakamomori. Ka whakaae ngā paerewa whakahaere, pēnei i ā-rātirati American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA), i tēnei whakangungu tuatahi mā te pai rawa kei te whakapai i te whakamahana o te hunga whare. Ka whakapai anō tēnei whakauru i te whakamahana o te whare, ā, ka tukua hoki i te wāhi pai me te taunakitanga ki roto i te ao hanga whare.

Ngā Whakataea Āhanga Pūao mō ngā Whare Hōhipera

Ngā Rārangi Whakahaere Whakawehenga Matimati

He mahi nui te rōpū whakahaere hākengatanga tonu i te whakarite i te kaiwhai kaiwhawhai hoki i roto i ngā whare hou o nāianei. Ka whakapai ēnei rōpū i te whakamahi ēnei, ka taea te whakapai i te waiwai me te whakamahere i ngā whakaaetanga mōhio ki te whakarite i ngā whakaaetanga mōhio ki te whakarite i ngā whakaaetanga mōhio. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakahaere i ngā totohu me ngā pūnaha hoki i te whakarere i te hā o te wāhi e ai ki ngā hiahia o te whare, e hīnati ana i te tirotiro i te tirotiro i te tirotiro i te tirotiro i te tirotiro i te tirotiro. Ko ngā matihiko e whakaatu nei ko te mea nui kei te whakaiti i te whakamahi ēnei i te whakamahi ēnei he 30%, e ai ki ngā raraunga a te American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Kei reira ngā whakapai haere noa iho i te kaiwhai kaiwhawhai hoki i roto i ngā whenua, ka whakamahia hoki hei whakangungu i ngā utu mō te wā.

Te Whakahaere Huarere me te IoT

Te whakangungu o te IoT ki roto i te whakahaere whare ka puta he whitiwhitinga hiranga mo te tautuhinga waewae, e tuku nei i te waihotanga me te kawe mana. Ki te hangaia he rangahau rimaumua mō te whakauru i ngā rārangi IoT, ka taea e ngā whare te whakarite anamata ki ngā huringa waimā, e whakamana ana i te waihotanga waewae me te whakamahi ēnei. Nga raraunga mai i Te Tari Ēnei o te Piringa o te Tūranga e whakaatu ana he 40% te paanga nui rawa o te whakahaere ēnei i roto i te whare me te IoT. Hei tauira, ko ngā pūrongo whakaaturanga a te Kaitohutohu Ēnei Taiao Matua (NREL) e whakaatu ana i ngā taonga ēnei nui rawa i runga i te whakauru IoT. E tuku ana enei rārangi hei tohu mō ngā whare mōhiotia o nga ra e heke nei, e whakapakiri ana i ngā hēenga matatika me ngā paihere tūmatanui o te rimaumua.

Rimaumua Whakaata Ātea (BIPV)

He mea hou te whakatōpūtanga i roto i ngā whare (BIPV) hei whakaatu i te whenua o te hanganga pūtaiao, me te kawe i te mahi nui a te aluminium i tēnei mīharo. Ko te hunga here o te BIPV he whakauru pai i ngā paepae rangi whakaputa waiora ki roto i ngā whare, me te whakamahi e rua, arā, hei whare me te whakaputa waiora. Ko ngā āhuatanga haere me te iti o te aluminium he pai tonu hei tautoko i ngā rākau BIPV, hei whakapai hoki i te āhua pai me te wehi ki te waiora. Ko ngā whakatū mai kia pai, pērā i te Whare Whakaatu Solar Decathlon, he whakaatu i te mea he pai rawa te hononga BIPV me te aluminium ki te whakapai i ngā huanga ki te 25%. Ki te whai ake te tono mo ngā whakahaere waiora, ka whai tonu te hononga BIPV me te aluminium, me te tirohanga pai ki ngā huringa pūtaiao o te ao katoa.

Te Pūtaiao Ahurea ki te Whakahokia i te Aluminium

Ngā Paetae Whakauru Tirohanga

Te whakahaere kāwai ki uta he mōhio matua i te whakamahi anō hoki i te pūnaha whakahoutanga āwhiwhinga i te whakamahi anō, e whakaū ana i te tirotiro haumaru me te tirotiro o ngā rauemi. E ai ki tēnei, ka huihui i ngā rauemi pērā i te āwhiwhinga hei whakamahi anō tonu, ka heke noa iho te hiahia mō ngā rauemi matua hou. Kāore i tēnei e whakaiti ana i te whiu āhuarangi, ka whakapakiri hoki i te tirotiro o te wai me te tirotiro o te huringa āhuarangi. Ka whakamahia ngā whare i te āwhiwhinga āwhiwhinga āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga, ka pakari ake te ito o te huringa āpure. Hei tauira, ka tohua e ngā rangahau kei te whakaiti i ngā pūtake huringa i runga i te 90% nā te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga i te āwhiwhinga.

Te Tirohanga Ora o Te Wā Compared to Steel

Te whakauru taiao (LCA) he mea nui mo te whakatauhanga i nga whakamomori taiao o na rara hei whakaatu i te torutoru, ina ko te awheiti tuatahi hei whakarite ki te awheiti. He mohiotanga nui ake te awheiti i runga i te awheiti tuatahi i roto i nga kaiwhakahaere me te hanga whenua, me te itinga o te wai i runga i tana kaupapa. Nga whakawhitinga o nga rautaki LCA, penei i nga rautaki a te Kaitohutohu Awheiti Tuatahi o te Ao, e whakaatu ana he mea whakaaeaeke ake te awheiti tuatahi i te mea kua kitea he pai rawa i te whakatikatika i te wai i te hanga. Kia whai ake nei nga rara i te whakatakoto i nga rara hanga, ka whakanuia te awheiti tuatahi mo nga kaupapa e hiahia ana ki te iti iho i nga momo whakamomori taiao me te whakapai i te whakaaetanga.

Nga Whakangungu Tohu LEED

Kei te whakarite te rāngai whakamana LEED hei whakatū pūtake mahi whare ahurea-para, ā, kei te whai i tēnei mahi te whiuwhiu. Ko te whakamahi i te whiuwhiu whakahokia e whai ana i ngā pūtanga LEED matua, nō reira ka tautoko ia te kawe iho i te waihanga o te huringa āhuarangi me te iti i te whakangaro i te taiao. Ka taea e ngā kaupapa, pērā i ēnei e whakamahia nei ngā rākau whiuwhiu hei kawe i ngā pūtanga i raro i ētahi atu tuhinga o LEED, pēnei i te Mahutonga Whakahokia. Kei te kōrero ngā mātauranga he mea nui te whakahaere whare ahurea-para hei whakapuaki i te nuinga o te hanga whare o nehe, whakanuia ai te nohoanga o ngā raraunga whakahokia, pērā i te whiuwhiu, ki te whakatū i ēnei pūtake.

Ngā Tohutohu o Mua i te Whiuwhiu Ahumahi

Te Whakauru i ngā Raraunga Whakarerekē

Nga matū whakarōpū (PCMs) he whakatupuranga i te tika i te wehenga o ngā whare ki te whakauru wea, ā, ko tō rātou whakauru ki ngā rangahau āluminihi he tohu pai mō te huringa i te wea. Ka whakauru me te tukunga atu i te wea nei i te wā e huri ana i ngā take, ka taea te whakatinana i ngā wea tuawhenua me te iti i ngā hiahia kuhu me te tahua. Ko te whatititi o te āluminihi he mea tōika hei whakauru i ngā PCM. Ko ngā pūrongo tauwhiro he tohu nui i ngā tirotiro whenua e kitea ana i te wea i tuku mai i ēnei whakauru, e tohua ana i ō rātou mana i roto i te hanga whare ahoroa. Ko ngā huringa i runga i ngā momo taketake PCM kei te tirohia ngā huringa atu e āhei ana ki te whakarite iho ki te āluminihi, me te wehea ake i te wea i roto i ngā kaupapa hanga.

Nanokoati Huringa mō te Whakaū Taiarahia

He mea hou te hanganga nanoko i te whakaatu i te tirohanga kaiwhiwhi rā, ka whakarerekē te waihotanga ēnei i ngā tono whakamahana. Ka whakatipu ēnei kōnga i te āhua o te whakaputa atu rā o te āporo ki te whakaiti i te kuhu mahana me te iti iho i ngā hua ēnei mō te whakamahana i ngā whare. Ko ngā taunaki hou ka tohungia te pai ake; ko ngā raraunga e tūtono ana ki te 30% iti i ngā hua ēnei mō te whakamahana, nā te whakapai i te tirohanga kaiwhiwhi rā. Ko tēnā he mea pai noa ai te āporo nanoko hei whakarite mo te hanga whare me te paihere ēnei. Ka kitea ngā whakahaere hou hei whakangungu i ngā whakamahi hou ki te kawe āporo, ka whakatutuki mai ki te pai ake i te whakahaere mahana me te whakarite i ngā hua ēnei.

Ngā Hanganga Whirinaki Aiwhakatūtanga

He tūmomo whakarerekē te AI (Artificial Intelligence) i te hanganga whare, whakatipu i ngā whare me ngā whakahaere āwhiowhio i te kōpūtahi moana. Nā ngā rautaki hanga AI e hanga nei ngā whare ka noho whai wāhi anake, ka whakamahia ngā rauemi pūnaha nui ki te tika i te whakamahi i ngā rauemi me ngā take tuhituhi. Hei tauira, nā te AI i whakapai ai te kōpūtahi moana i te hanga o ngā tono whare matua, e whakaatu ana i te hurihanga ki ngā whare akiaki. Ka whakaaro mō ngā whakatutuki ake, e whakatū ana te AI ki te whakapai i te kōpūtahi moana, e hīkina nei ngā whakamihinare i te hanga whare whai oranga.