He aha te mea e mōhiotia ana mō ngā Tikanga Whakaputa Karaihe?

Te mātauranga i ngā matapae o te Whakaputa Kōpiko Mātā

He aha te tāpapa tō-ā-whakawhitinga?

Ko te tikanga whakapūpahiū i te paraihe mātātoko e tango ana i ngā paraihe mātātoko kore rawa atu ka hāngia rātou ki ngā āhua roa, haere tonu me ngā wāhanga waewae tohu. Ina wera ngā papa kōpae i waenganui i te 480 ki te 500 nekete Celsius, ka pakari noa ai kia taea ai te taraiwa atu i ngā paraihe mātātoko mātātoko rūmeke e hiahiatia ana e te pēhi hīroki hiko nui pea e taea ana te taumaha ki te 15,000 tona. Ko ngā wāhanga hanganga matotoru engari matotoru anō kei te mutunga o te tāraiwa. He mea nui, e ono ki ngā tekau o ngā whare e ono hoki nei e horoi ana i tēnei tikanga mō ō rātou takotoranga, ā, ka kitea hoki ngā whakamahinga e tino rite ana ki te ahumāra waka e heke ai te taumaha.

Me pēhea te mahi a te tikanga whakapūpahiū i te paraihe?

1. Te Tāutanga i te Paraihe — Ngā paraihe paraihe CNC-karaihe e hāngia ana i te āhua
2. Te Wera i te Papa Kōpae — Ngā umu infrared e wera ana i ngā rākau paraihe kia rite tonu ki te 480—500°C
3. Extrusion — E taraiwa ana te rama i te kōparaihe pakari ki te paraihe i te 5—50 m/min
4. Whakamātautau — Te hāpai hau kātata, reka rānei kia pumau ai te āhua
5. Te Tāwhai me te Tapahia — Ka whakatika te whakanui ā-mekanikai i ngā mea kīriri i mua i te tapa kia roa

Ko ngā whanaketanga hou pērā i ngā punaha arotake pēhi ki te wā reā, kaitea te rauemi 18% kei te noho tonu ngā tōaitanga ±0.5mm ki ngā āhua herenga.

Ko tētahi panui whakamāpae mō te tikanga whakaputaaronga o te paraihe

Whakaarohia ngā mea e pā ana ki te whakauru i te play dough tru ngā kōpae hākari e ngā tamariki, kātahi ka whakaarohia te whakanao i ētahi mea ōrite ki te metara ki te tauwāhi o te toihanga. Ko te tikanga anō nō reira te mahi a te tāwhai araihua. Ko te kaupapa matua he tango i te metara taumataki ka huri hei āhua maha e whai hua ana pērā i ngā puehu, ngā awa, me ērā atu parirau whakamaroke e kitea ana i ngā taputapu hiko. E toru ngā waahanga matua e pa ana ki konei. Tuatahi ko te whakawera i te metara kia wera noa kia taea ai te mahi. Kātahi ka tūkinotia te wāhanga whakauru i te metara kua wera ki roto i ngā takotoranga (dies) kia hangaia ngā āhua motuhake. Kātahi ka tū ake ētahi atamira whakamutunga anō, engari ko te nuinga he whakamaroke i te hua ka tautoheke kia roa pea. Nō reira i te rere tino pai mai i te timatanga ki te mutunga, ka taea e ētahi toihanga te whakaputa i te 500 mita pea o ēnei āhua metara ia hāora, ā, kaore i te mutu.

Ngā Matua Tikanga o te Tāwhai Arāihua

Te Wera, Te Pēhanga, me te Huringa Āhua: Ngā Kaha Matua i te Tāwhai

Ko te tikanga whakaputangia o te paraihe e toru ngā āhuatanga matua e hāngai ana: te wera, te pēhanga, me te hanganga tata. Ka heke te herekenga o ngā tapa ina ka reri atu ki te 400 ki te 500 nekeneke Celsius, he toru tekau mā waru ōrau te wehe, engari kei te mau tonu tōna hanganga matua. Kātahi ka pakaru ngā mīhini hākinetika nui i ngā kaha e 15 miriona ki te 35 miriona pauna pera aniani pūrua ki te whakaputangia i te paraihe parurenga ki roto i ngā tāpiripiri motuhake. Hangaia ana ngā ahunga piko nei e kitea ana e mātou i ia wā, ka rerekē te paraihe i te 95% o te wā i tēnei tikanga. Ko te mea e nui ai tēnei tikanga ko te paraihe e mau ana i tana tiaki ake i te putunga, ā, e mau tonu ana te taurite pai i waenganui i te taumaha me te kaha e pai ai ia i ngā umanga katoa.

Whakaputangia Tūwaho vs. Whakaputangia Mokowhiti: He Tautoheketanga

Paremetā	Whakaputangia Tūwaho	Whakaputangia Mokowhiti
Nekenga o te Tāpiri	Tuuru	Neke ana me te ram
Huka	Teitei (horapa tapa-tāpiri)	Kua hekea mā te 30—40%
Te Whakamahi i te pūngao	15—20% teitei ake	Māori ake te uara
Ngā tono	Ngā wāhanga tūtohi ngāwari	Ngā wāhanga rererangi tikanga

Ko te tāpahi tīrōtia e pā ana ki ngā whakamahinga ahumahi nā te ngāwari ake o ngā taputapu, ā, ko ngā tikanga kore-whatunga he pai ake mēnā he iti noa ngā whatunga me ngā inenga tata.

Te Tāpahi Māmā, Te Tāpahi Piri, me te Tāpahi Makariri: Te Tūmanako o te Pauna

Ko te pauna e pā ana tika ki te rere o te matapae me ngā ītao mutunga:

• Te Tāpahi Māmā (350—500°C) : Arataki mō ngā paraire hanganga, e whakanui ana i te āhua me te tere
• Te Tāpahi Piri (150—350°C) : Ka whakaiti i te oxidation me te pupuri i te 85% o te ductility o te hot extrusion
• Te Cold Extrusion (Room Temp) : Ka whakapakari ake i te kaha tōpūtoruaki mā te 15—25% trūwhia te mahi pūmahara

I whakaatu ngā rauemi ko ngā wherawhera o te wera e nui ake i te 10°C ka whakapakari i ngā herenga mata mā te 18%, ka tohua ai te hiahia ki te whakahaere tika

Ngā momo me ngā whaitua hoahoa mō ngā Profila Aluminium Extrusion

Ngā Profila Pūnoa, Hōhā, me Kaupeka Hōhā: Ngā momo noa o te Aluminium Extrusion

Ko te whakarāpopotanga o ngā pūtau tāporenga karaka he nuinga atu i te āhua o tōna tahumaero. Ko ngā momo katoa pērā i ngā pou me ngā pae kei te pūmau tonu te matērihi, nā reira he kōwhiringa pai mō ngā mea pērā i ngā pou hanganga, ngā wāhanga mīhini kei hea ko te kaha te mea nui. Ko ngā pūtau parapara kei te wāhi roto kau, e tuku ana i te kaha tino pai engari ka whakamāmātia te taumaha. Nō reira rānei i tino rongonui ai ki ngā takotoranga motukā me ngā mata o ngā whare. Ā, ko ngā hoahoa haurua-parapara kei te wāhi roto he wāhi, engari kāore i ngā parapara katoa. Ka tū ake tēnei i waenganui i te uaua o te hanga me te maru moni, ā, mōrearea pea ka kitea ki ngā matapihi, ngā whakamahi whakamaroke hoki ki ngā ahumahi maha.

Momo Pūtau	Ngā Tohu Matua	Ngā Whakamahi Tōmua
Pūmau	Tahumaero katoa o te matērihi	Ngā pou tāwhai kiauta, ngā rārā
Hollow	Ka whakamāmātia te taumaha ngā kōwae roto	Takotoranga o ngā motukā, ngā aratenua HVAC
Haurua-Parapara	Ētahi wāhi parapara mō te whakamaroke/rāwekenga	Ngā takotoranga pouaru, ngā pouaka tautoko mō ngā paparanga rama

Ngā Pūkenga Hoahoa me ngā Tepe o ngā Taura Hōhonu

Ahakoa he tino pono te āhua o ngā hāngai, he iti noa iho te kōpiko o te tarau hōhonu. Ko te nekeneke iti ake i te 1.5 mm ka mātau te āhua i te wā o te mātatara, ā, ko ngā inenga tata (±0.13 mm) tight tolerances (±0.13 mm) me whai pūkaha matū matatau. Ka āhei te maha o ngā tauranga i tēnei wā ki te ono ngā ruma hono tahi i roto i ngā kōtaha kōaro, ahakoa ka piki ake ngā utu whakaputa 1822% i whakaritea ki ngā hoahoa paerewa.

Akoranga take: Te pūnaha rerewhenua ritenga e whakamahi ana i ngā whakairo ā-roto matatini

I whakamahia e tētahi kaupapa kawe tata nei ngā kōtaha konumohe kōaro me ngā ara taura ā-roto me ngā kōpae T o waho mō te whakakotahitanga kōwae. Ko te hoahoa i tutuki 40% te whakairoiro i te taumaha i runga i te hinu me te whiwhi i ngā paerewa herehere mō te tinihanga ISO 9001:2015. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te pēhea e whakaratohia ai ngā whakaritenga hiko kua whakatūhia mā te maroke o te matapae me te anga whai hua.

Te Tikanga Whanaketanga Tāpahi Karaihe Mātātoko

Mai i te poro ki te hua: Te tikanga tāpahi karaihe 10-puta

Ko te tīmatanga o te rāwekenga i ngā taputapu matatini, ka hohoro ai ki te 450 ki te 500 niha Celsius. E āwhina ana tēnei i ngā matapae kia rere pai ake i te wā o te whakaritenga. Me pūpahi anō hoki ngā billet ki te umu, e whā ki te ono haora pea ki ngā wāhi hohonu i waenganui i te 500 me te 550 niha Celsius kia wehe ai ngā pānga o roto. Ka whai mai te wā o te totohu, e mahi ana ia i te pēpihi tino nui i waenganui i te 15 miriona ki te 35 miriona pauna ki te mita tapatoru. E hia whai muri mai i te totohu: te whakamaroke kia maroke tonu, te tāwhai rārangi kia tika ngā raru māmā, me ngā tikanga whakapuaki pērā i ngā momo T5, T6 rānei, e hiahiatia ana te piko e hiahiatia ana mō te hua mutunga. Kei ētahi atamira hanga hou ināianei ēnei punaha mātai toa. Ko ēnei taputapu AI e mōhio ana ki te wāhi hohonu o ngā billet e ±5 niha anō te hē, ā, e mōhio hoki ki te tere o te ram. Kāore he whenua hanga e whakamahi ana i tēnei aronga e kī ana kua iti ake te rama mate, e 20% pea te itinga.

He aha te take e whakapono ai te preheating me te homogenization kia pai ai te kounga o te extrusion

Ko te preheating i ngā billet ki te 400—500°C ka whakaiti i ngā kaha extrusion umanga 18% pērā ano i te pupuri i te kaha o te hanganga. Ko te homogenization e waiho ana ngā taonga karaihe, ā, e hāngai ai ngā rōpū kotahi e aukati ai i ngā crack—he mea matua nui tēnei mō ngā wae tapa rangi. I te takotoranga ki te whakamātao noa i te wā, ko ēnei waehere ka whakaiti i ngā herenga mata ki te 35% mō te aluminium kāore i homogenize.

Ngā Hua Whaihua e Pa Ana ki te Kounga i te Aluminium Extrusion

Te whiriwhiri i te matapae, te hoahoa die, me te whakahaere wera

Ko te whiriwhiri i te matapae e whakatau ana i te taurite mo te whakamahi, pērā ko te hoahoa die e whakahaere ana i te tika o te profi—ka taea e ngā āhuatanga anuanu te whakapai ake i te mahi utu ki te 15—20%. Heoi anō te nuinga o te whakahaere wera; ko te pupuri i ngā wera billet i waenganui i te 425°C me te 475°C ka whakaiti i ngā herenga mata ki te 30%.

Te wear die me te composition taonga: Ngā variabara huna i roto i te taurite

Ka huri ngā whārite o te mata kōpae tētahi 0.8% ia 10,000 ngota, nō reira e hiahiatia ana te tiaki mā te whakamātau. Ko ngā parahi e 0.15—0.25% mānia he pai ake te āhua o te manawa atu ki te wareware i ngā momo 6000 noa.

Ko ngā pūnaha mātai mā te AI e pikitia ai ngā hapa 35% (Pukapuka Whakarerekenga Rākau, 2023)

Ko ngā rautaki mātauranga māhine e kite ana i ngā tapa iti rawa o te toki (±2.5 bar) me te mahana (±3°C), ka taea ai te whakatika tūmatanui hei aukati i ngā hua kore tikangia.

He tino pai anō te pūmau o te parahi kua rekaiketia i roto i te whakaurunga?

Kua wātea te paraikete i muri i te ahumahi ka tīmata tika kia 98.5% te horanga. I whakaatu ngā whakamātau tārai ko te parahi 6063 kua rekaiketia, kua waro pakari tika ka tino tutuki 96% o te kaha o te parahi hou, ka whakapumautia tōna āhua mō ngā whakamahinga pūrua.

FAQ

He aha te painga matua o te whakaurunga parahi?

Ko te tāwhai arumini whai pānga ki te kaha me ngā īnanga māmā, nō reira he mea pai mō ngā umanga hanga me te waka e hiahiatia ana te penapena i te taumaha.

Pēhea ngā panoni o te paemuri e pā ana ki te tāwhai arumini?

Ko ngā panoni o te paemuri e nui ake ana i te 10°C e āki ai i ngā herenga mata umanga 18%, ka whakaatu i te nuinga o te herekore i te tāwhai.

Ka taea te whakamahi i te arumini kua rīhana mō te tāwhai?

Āe, ko te arumini kua rīhana ka tāpiri mā te arataki tāpure matua ka eke ki te horanga maunga me te pupuri i te ahurea, nō reira he mea tika mō ngā whakamahinga tāwhai.